First: fighting of flying insects that transport certain diseases:
*Measure the density of insects and accordingly define the most proper fighting method. The measuring procedure is due to be adopted before and after the spraying process to determine the affectivity of the fighting procedure.
*Fight the flying insects with a different chemical compound from the insecticides used for the incomplete phases (Pierythroid in exchange with the Phosphorous compounds)
*Fight the flying insects (flies and the Malaria non-transferring Mosquitoes) in the public places twice/week at minimum according to the level of density. The spraying includes the litter bins and trash trucks.
*Fight the incomplete phases (larvae) at nests or at moist dumps and areas with stagnant water where the environment is appropriate of the reproduction of mosquito larva. Careful use of the non-ephemeral insecticides as they contribute in developing the phenomena of insecticide resistance. In case of using the non-ephemeral insecticides, the spraying process is done every two weeks at minimum otherwise the spraying is done once or twice per week using other insecticides according to the density of insects.
*Kill flies early in the morning and mosquitoes late at night.
*Measure the density of insects and accordingly define the most proper fighting method. The measuring procedure is due to be adopted before and after the spraying process to determine the affectivity of the fighting procedure.
*Fight the flying insects with a different chemical compound from the insecticides used for the incomplete phases (Pierythroid in exchange with the Phosphorous compounds)
*Fight the flying insects (flies and the Malaria non-transferring Mosquitoes) in the public places twice/week at minimum according to the level of density. The spraying includes the litter bins and trash trucks.
*Fight the incomplete phases (larvae) at nests or at moist dumps and areas with stagnant water where the environment is appropriate of the reproduction of mosquito larva. Careful use of the non-ephemeral insecticides as they contribute in developing the phenomena of insecticide resistance. In case of using the non-ephemeral insecticides, the spraying process is done every two weeks at minimum otherwise the spraying is done once or twice per week using other insecticides according to the density of insects.
*Kill flies early in the morning and mosquitoes late at night.
Second: crawling insects (introduction)
Cockroaches are the most important crawling insects related to public health. The development phases of such insects do not include the larva phase as they have 3 development phases: eggs – nymphs, and an adult insect.
Fight technique:
There are three most popular species associated with human inhabitations, the German cockroaches, the American cockroaches, and the Oriental cockroaches. According to the nutrition lifestyle they are microbial carriers as they carry microbes from one place to another. Cleanliness considers one of the most important factors in killing cockroaches. The killing process is based on many elements; the most important is selecting the proper insecticide either liquid or powder. The period of the insecticide’s affectivity is a major factor for a successful killing as it shall extend to 14 days. The killing process shall starts at the beginning of Spring and at the end of Winter as the spraying or injection is due to be in complete circles inside the infected places or as a precautious procedure against infection. However, a successful killing process id interrelated with the determined timetable and the kind of insecticide used; either powder or liquid. The compounds of Diazinon or Fentrotheon are preferred and it is used with ultimate careful to avoid pollution.
Third: killing rodents ( rats and mice)
a- Cleaning the target areas by means of:
· Removing the different sources of food (such as uncovered food remains, bad storage, etc…..)
· Detect water sources used by rats
· Detect the hiding places
b- Chemical compounds:
Multi compounds are preferable to be used in fighting rodents for multi effective chemical materials known with different commercial names. Nevertheless, the use of effective poison is necessary (such as Zinc Phosphide ) followed by compounds that prevent clotting(blood clotting) as a second phase.
Cockroaches are the most important crawling insects related to public health. The development phases of such insects do not include the larva phase as they have 3 development phases: eggs – nymphs, and an adult insect.
Fight technique:
There are three most popular species associated with human inhabitations, the German cockroaches, the American cockroaches, and the Oriental cockroaches. According to the nutrition lifestyle they are microbial carriers as they carry microbes from one place to another. Cleanliness considers one of the most important factors in killing cockroaches. The killing process is based on many elements; the most important is selecting the proper insecticide either liquid or powder. The period of the insecticide’s affectivity is a major factor for a successful killing as it shall extend to 14 days. The killing process shall starts at the beginning of Spring and at the end of Winter as the spraying or injection is due to be in complete circles inside the infected places or as a precautious procedure against infection. However, a successful killing process id interrelated with the determined timetable and the kind of insecticide used; either powder or liquid. The compounds of Diazinon or Fentrotheon are preferred and it is used with ultimate careful to avoid pollution.
Third: killing rodents ( rats and mice)
a- Cleaning the target areas by means of:
· Removing the different sources of food (such as uncovered food remains, bad storage, etc…..)
· Detect water sources used by rats
· Detect the hiding places
b- Chemical compounds:
Multi compounds are preferable to be used in fighting rodents for multi effective chemical materials known with different commercial names. Nevertheless, the use of effective poison is necessary (such as Zinc Phosphide ) followed by compounds that prevent clotting(blood clotting) as a second phase.
*****************
It is preferable to use more than one compound with different ways such as using the effective tablet baits in the target areas.
c- Select the proper places for baits:
*The points detected for the baits are due to be located at the rat’s expected walk way
*Distribute the baits on the upper and lower places inside the building in case of internal fight.
*Select the remote and dark places away from noise and the usual life activities.
*Place the bait 15 c.m away from the wall
*Do not change the place of the baits throughout the resistance period that lasts for approximately 20 days.
*Make an approximate drawing for the places of the baits with serial numbers marking the upper places and the lowers.
*In open places, the baits are put inside plastic cylinders or any other shape that would distract or prevent the other animals from reaching the poisonous baits. Be ware that the baits are placed in a safe place away from the reach of children .
*The points of baits shall be proportional to the anticipated number of rats. Baits sessions: it is to regulate the time of placing and detecting baits, change the damaged, move away the dead mice
It is preferable to use more than one compound with different ways such as using the effective tablet baits in the target areas.
c- Select the proper places for baits:
*The points detected for the baits are due to be located at the rat’s expected walk way
*Distribute the baits on the upper and lower places inside the building in case of internal fight.
*Select the remote and dark places away from noise and the usual life activities.
*Place the bait 15 c.m away from the wall
*Do not change the place of the baits throughout the resistance period that lasts for approximately 20 days.
*Make an approximate drawing for the places of the baits with serial numbers marking the upper places and the lowers.
*In open places, the baits are put inside plastic cylinders or any other shape that would distract or prevent the other animals from reaching the poisonous baits. Be ware that the baits are placed in a safe place away from the reach of children .
*The points of baits shall be proportional to the anticipated number of rats. Baits sessions: it is to regulate the time of placing and detecting baits, change the damaged, move away the dead mice
and clean thoroughly their places with lime chloride or any other
d- disinfectant and register such information in a table for each session. Please follow the next tips
i. Distribute non-toxic and attracting baits inside different shapes as the baits will be replaced later with poisonous ones. This process is important for identifying the places of rats and the density in each area according to the consumption rate. The process is known as Pre-Baiting and it lasts for 3 days.
ii. The attracting baits are replaced with poisonous ones in day 4 and they are distributed in the places of mice detection.
iii. The baits are regularly examined in order to change the damaged ones and increasing the baits in proportional to the consumption rate. The dead mice are moved away and the process continues till the consumption stops.
iv. At the end of the session, the baits are buried in one meter deep hole away from any water source or the rain and flood ways
v. Detect any more dead mice for few days and bury them with a weight equal dry lime. Clean the target places with medical disinfectants.
However, liquid baits can be in dry places where it is not easy for mice to find water. Further, water resistant compounds ( such as wax plates) can be used in drainage pipes.
e- More important killing techniques:
*Household and warehouse traps
*Sticking board
*Chemical smoking in proper places where it is safe to use the Foustoksein plates in the mice holes. This is a double purpose fight against fleas and mice at the same time.
The use of disinfectants:
The section in concern uses liquid disinfectants and the lime chloride powder with a concentration of 35% in the public bathrooms, inside and around the trash bins, the drainage leaked water or any other wastes. The overuse of lime chloride is avoided together with ultimate caution that the workers are not directly exposed to the spread powder.
Duties of chairman / head section
*Scheme a detailed monthly program that includes the different fighting works against insects or rates, if found, enclosed with maps and demonstrating tables. The property of flexibility in carrying out any emergency change is due to be provided in relation to the level of insect density.
*Superintend the execution of the program through weekly meetings with the persons in charge of the different processes and discuss the examination notes.
*Field follow up of the different works relating to the fighting process starting from the preparations till the end of the spraying process. He is entitled to examine the process of measuring the density of insects.
*Check the accuracy of the information provided throughout the determined fighting period.
*Check that the persons in charge of mixing, spraying or injecting the chemical compounds are wearing the entire set of protecting uniforms.
Duties of the supervisor on the insecticide’s preparation and dilution process at the fighting center:
The chemical supervisor is a person who is due to be well acquainted with the information relating to the available insecticides such as the ratio of dilution, capacity of dissolving or mixing or suspension together with the poison affectivity and rates of spraying.
* Check that the proper medicines are available at the first aid unit at the fighting center.
*Check that the workers of the spraying process are free from any cuts or skin injuries and that they are wearing the protecting uniform which is due to be washed on daily basis except for the mask together with washing the whole body with soap and water before leaving the work.
*stick to the prepared program conducted by the section head
*Measure the amounts of the insecticides with special measures in the dilution process. He is committed to follow the information indicated at the used compounds or any other enclosed pamphlets. He is not entitled to mix the dissolvable insecticides with water before the scheduled
*Scheme a detailed monthly program that includes the different fighting works against insects or rates, if found, enclosed with maps and demonstrating tables. The property of flexibility in carrying out any emergency change is due to be provided in relation to the level of insect density.
*Superintend the execution of the program through weekly meetings with the persons in charge of the different processes and discuss the examination notes.
*Field follow up of the different works relating to the fighting process starting from the preparations till the end of the spraying process. He is entitled to examine the process of measuring the density of insects.
*Check the accuracy of the information provided throughout the determined fighting period.
*Check that the persons in charge of mixing, spraying or injecting the chemical compounds are wearing the entire set of protecting uniforms.
Duties of the supervisor on the insecticide’s preparation and dilution process at the fighting center:
The chemical supervisor is a person who is due to be well acquainted with the information relating to the available insecticides such as the ratio of dilution, capacity of dissolving or mixing or suspension together with the poison affectivity and rates of spraying.
* Check that the proper medicines are available at the first aid unit at the fighting center.
*Check that the workers of the spraying process are free from any cuts or skin injuries and that they are wearing the protecting uniform which is due to be washed on daily basis except for the mask together with washing the whole body with soap and water before leaving the work.
*stick to the prepared program conducted by the section head
*Measure the amounts of the insecticides with special measures in the dilution process. He is committed to follow the information indicated at the used compounds or any other enclosed pamphlets. He is not entitled to mix the dissolvable insecticides with water before the scheduled
spraying date to retain affectivity.
Duties of insect fighting worker :
*He is due to be well acquainted with the technique of spraying insecticides and how to operate the different devices.
*Acquainted with the taxability of the used chemical compounds in order to avoid any harms or misuse by following the right spraying instructions.
*He is committed to wear the entire set of protecting uniform together with following the whole safety procedures such as avoid eating, drinking or smoking during duty time.
*He has to be obedient and honestly execute the assigned duties.
Control environment pollution with insecticides.
*Focus the main efforts on the public cleaning works :
a. Reduce the density of rats and insects
b. Reduce the amount of the insecticides
c. Reduce the massive pollution rate resulted from fuels used in diluting insecticides( such as Diesel and Kerosene)
*Focus on fighting insects in nests of reproduction such as the trash bins, dumps and swamps.
*Coordination between the company and the establishment to set up a periodical fighting program on monthly basis to avoid insecticides resistance.
Factors of reducing pollution with insecticides and petroleum dissolvent:
First: deactivate the thermal fogging for killing the flying insects as it was proved to be ineffective in open places for the following reasons:
*He is due to be well acquainted with the technique of spraying insecticides and how to operate the different devices.
*Acquainted with the taxability of the used chemical compounds in order to avoid any harms or misuse by following the right spraying instructions.
*He is committed to wear the entire set of protecting uniform together with following the whole safety procedures such as avoid eating, drinking or smoking during duty time.
*He has to be obedient and honestly execute the assigned duties.
Control environment pollution with insecticides.
*Focus the main efforts on the public cleaning works :
a. Reduce the density of rats and insects
b. Reduce the amount of the insecticides
c. Reduce the massive pollution rate resulted from fuels used in diluting insecticides( such as Diesel and Kerosene)
*Focus on fighting insects in nests of reproduction such as the trash bins, dumps and swamps.
*Coordination between the company and the establishment to set up a periodical fighting program on monthly basis to avoid insecticides resistance.
Factors of reducing pollution with insecticides and petroleum dissolvent:
First: deactivate the thermal fogging for killing the flying insects as it was proved to be ineffective in open places for the following reasons:
*The killing ratio reaches 10% ( the desired ratio extends between 85% and 90 %)
*The technique adopted is based on two elements : concentrating the insecticide(fogging) and the time of insects’ exposition. Yet, open places do not permit an adequate exposing time, which in turn made the manufacturing companies recommend remarkable increase in the insecticide doses which means increasingly environmental pollution.
*Few insecticides turns into more toxic compounds with thermal effect while others become inactive.
*The technique adopted is based on two elements : concentrating the insecticide(fogging) and the time of insects’ exposition. Yet, open places do not permit an adequate exposing time, which in turn made the manufacturing companies recommend remarkable increase in the insecticide doses which means increasingly environmental pollution.
*Few insecticides turns into more toxic compounds with thermal effect while others become inactive.
Techniques of work:
*The establishment is comprehensively examined to detect places and type of infection.
*Find out the density of infection and set up a timetable for fighting each infection separately.
*Identify the method of fighting for each infection and figure out affectivity and alternative plan.
*Discuss the adopted method of fighting with the heads of the different sections to determine the advantages and disadvantages.
*The establishment is comprehensively examined to detect places and type of infection.
*Find out the density of infection and set up a timetable for fighting each infection separately.
*Identify the method of fighting for each infection and figure out affectivity and alternative plan.
*Discuss the adopted method of fighting with the heads of the different sections to determine the advantages and disadvantages.
ليست هناك تعليقات:
إرسال تعليق